Single vs Double Embryo Transfer – Which is Safer in IVF?

Are you aware what embryo transfer means in vitro fertilization (IVF)? It is the process when doctors place an embryo into the womb of the mother to help her achieve pregnancy. In India, the success rate of IVF is around 50-60% for women under 35.

Embryo transfer is the final step of the IVF process where a fertilized embryo is placed into the uterus for implantation. The number of embryos transferred can be single or multiple, respectively known as Single Embryo Transfer (SET) and Multiple Embryo Transfer (MET).

SET is preferred in most cases, with a 40-45% success rate per cycle. On the other hand, MET may increase success rates to 50-60%. But MET or double embryo transfer over the age of 40 may come with a higher risk of twins or triplets, plus other health issues.

Thus, selecting the right method is crucial for both pregnancy success and overall well-being of the patient. Today we are here to help you understand single vs double embryo transfer, before you reach us for proper medical advice.

Understanding Single Embryo Transfer (SET):

Single Embryo Transfer (SET) is a process in IVF where only one healthy embryo is placed in the woman’s womb by the medical expert. It reduces the risks of multiple births like twins or triplets.

When is SET recommended?

SET is mostly suggested to women under 35, because they have a better chance of successful IVF. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the risk of complications from multiple pregnancies increases when more than one embryo is transferred. SET is also suggested if a woman has good-quality embryos and when the focus is on a safer pregnancy.

Advantages of SET:

1. WHO data shows that the chances of having twins with one embryo transfer is reduced significantly. Double embryo transfer over the age of 40 can cause multiple pregnancies that can lead to premature birth and developmental issues.
2. SET reduces the chances of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and other complications in the mother.
3. Research from the Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction (ISAR) suggests SET has long-term benefits, including healthier outcomes for both mother and baby.

Disadvantages of SET:

1. SET has a slightly lower success rate (around 30-40%) compared to transferring multiple embryos.
2. Multiple cycles may be needed if the first attempt fails.

It is essential to discuss the best approach with your fertility doctor.

Understanding Multiple Embryo Transfer (MET):

Multiple Embryo Transfer (MET) is when the doctor places more than one embryo in the woman’s uterus during an IVF treatment. Multiple embryo transfer success rate is higher, but also comes with higher risks.

When is MET Considered?

MET is often used when a woman is older (above 35), has fewer good-quality embryos, or has failed previous IVF attempts. The WHO reports that IVF success rates drop to around 20-25% in women over 40. MET or double embryo transfer over 40, is a more common choice in such cases.

Advantages of MET:

1. With more embryos, the chances of one implanting are higher. Success rates can go up to 50-60% with MET, especially in women over 35.
2. If embryos aren’t of the best quality, transferring more can improve the chances of success.

Disadvantages of MET:

The pros and cons of transferring two embryos or more should be considered carefully and discussed with an infertility specialist for the best approach, because:

1. MET can result in twins, triplets or more. Multiple pregnancies increase chances of untimely birth and low birth weight of the baby.
2. The worry of high blood pressure, gestational diabetes and other complications is also there in multiple pregnancies.

NLM Studies show that the live birth rate for fresh elective single-embryo transfer (SET) is 41.3%, higher than the 32.6% seen with double-embryo transfer (DET). Additionally, the cumulative live birth rate for sequential SET (fresh + thawed embryo transfer) reaches 47.9%, making it a safer and more effective option in many cases.

Risks of Multiple Embryo Transfer (MET):

According to WHO, multiple pregnancies are more common with MET. This leads to twins, triplets or higher order pregnancies. This can lead to complications for both the mother and the babies.

For the mother, the health hazards include

• high blood pressure
• gestational diabetes
• premature birth
• higher chance of cesarean delivery
• Placenta previa

For the babies, the health hazards include

• Premature births
• Low birth weight
• Prolonged neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions
• Premature babies are at a higher risk of long-term health problems

While MET increases pregnancy chances, it’s important to understand these risks. A doctor will help you decide the best choice for your situation. Always ask questions and be informed before making decisions.

CTA:

In recent times in India, the rate of multiple pregnancies from IVF has risen significantly. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), nearly 30% of IVF pregnancies in India have multiple birth results.

People may find single vs double embryo transfer success rate a lucrative one. But while this may seem promising, it’s essential to consider the risks involved.

Every couple’s journey is unique and careful planning with your doctor can help make the best choice. Always remember that informed decisions lead to safer outcomes.

If you’re considering double embryo transfer over 40 or MET, then you must speak with a fertility expert to understand the pros and cons of transferring two embryos. IVF experts will correctly advise you what to do as per the quality of your embryos, your age and your overall health.

FAQs: